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ISO 7619-1 Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic - Determination of indentation hardness - Part 1: Durometer method (Shore hardness)
Category:
Mechanical
ISO 7619-1 Standard Description
ISO 7619-1 Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic - Determination of indentation hardness - Part 1: Durometer method (Shore hardness)
ISO 7619-1 Standard Introduction
From industrial equipment seals to automotive tires, from sports shoe soles to waterproof gaskets for electronic products, rubber materials are widely used in various applications due to their unique elasticity and sealing properties. These diverse applications require different physical properties, and hardness is a key indicator for evaluating the resistance of rubber to indentation under external force.
To efficiently measure this important property of rubber, ISO 7619-1 specifies the method for determining the indentation hardness (Shore hardness) of vulcanized or thermoplastic rubber using a durometer. The types of durometer scales and applicable rubber materials are as follows:
A Scale: Applicable to rubber materials within the normal hardness range.
D Scale: Applicable to rubber materials with high hardness.
AO Scale: Applicable to low-hardness rubber and cellular rubber.
AM Scale: Applicable to thin rubber specimens within the normal hardness range.
ISO 7619-1 Scope of Application
ISO 7619-1 applies to the determination of indentation hardness of vulcanized or thermoplastic rubber.
ISO 7619-1 Test Method
(1) Specimen Placement and Equipment Preparation
Place the rubber specimen on a hard, flat surface such as a glass plate. Quickly and smoothly press the durometer foot onto the specimen, ensuring that the foot remains parallel and in full contact with the specimen surface, with the indenter positioned vertically downward.
(2) Force Application and Reading
Apply only enough force to ensure full contact between the durometer foot and the specimen. Read the hardness value at the specified time: for vulcanized rubber, take the reading after 3 seconds; for thermoplastic rubber, take the reading after 15 seconds. If the rubber type is unknown, measure using the 3-second reading time.
(3) Repeated Measurements and Measurement Location Selection
Measure hardness at five different points on the specimen. For A, D and AO durometers, the distance between measurement points shall be at least 6 mm. For AM durometers used for thin specimens, the distance shall be at least 0.8 mm. The median value of the five readings is reported as the test result.
Note: If readings are not taken at the standard time interval, record both the hardness value and the corresponding reading time for each measurement. In this case, report not only the median value but also the maximum and minimum values among the recorded readings.
ISO 7619-1 Evaluation Criteria
Verification of durometer measurement accuracy:
Place the instrument firmly on a hard flat surface such as glass and adjust the scale reading to 100. Verify the instrument using a set of standard rubber blocks covering the full measurement range, following the manufacturer's instructions. The rubber block set shall contain at least six specimens and be stored in sealed conditions, lightly dusted with talc powder, and protected from light, heat and oil contamination. Standard blocks shall be calibrated using a dead-load force gauge annually or whenever the deviation exceeds 1 hardness unit. Routine instruments should be checked at least once per week.
More Building Material Hardness Testing Standards
ASTM D2240 Standard Test Method for Rubber Properties — Durometer Hardness
ASTM D785 Standard Test Method for Rockwell Hardness of Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials
ASTM D2583 Standard Test Method for Indentation Hardness of Rigid Plastics by Means of a Barcol Impressor
ASTM D1415 Standard Test Method for Rubber Property — International Hardness
ISO 868 Plastics and ebonite — Determination of indentation hardness by means of a durometer (Shore hardness)
ISO 2039-1 Plastics — Determination of hardness — Part 1: Ball indentation method
ISO 2039-2 Plastics — Determination of hardness by the ball indentation method — Part 2: Rockwell hardness
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