Certification and Registration
GB/T 28004.2 Disposable Diapers — Part 2: Adult Diapers
Category:
Hygiene Products
GB 28004.2 Standard Description
GB 28004.2 Disposable diapers — Part 2: Disposable diapers for adult
GB 28004.2 Standard Introduction
With the development of an aging society, the demand for adult diapers continues to increase, with steadily growing annual sales. Adult diapers provide convenience and comfort for people with incontinence, significantly improving their quality of life. GB/T 28004.2-2021 Disposable Diapers — Part 2: Disposable Diapers for Adults specifies the technical requirements and test methods for adult diapers, adult diaper pads and adult underpads (care pads). It strictly controls absorption performance and hygiene indicators to ensure product safety and reliability.
GB 28004.2 Scope of Application
GB 28004.2 applies to disposable adult diapers, adult diaper pads and adult underpads (care pads). These products are mainly intended for adults and are used to absorb and contain urine and other excretions caused by incontinence.
GB28004.2 Technical Requirements
(1) Technical requirements for adult diapers and adult diaper pads for mild incontinence:
|
Indicator |
Requirement |
Requirement |
Requirement |
|
Weight deviation per piece (%) |
±10 |
±10 |
±10 |
|
Surface layer attachments (particles/piece) |
≤5 |
≤5 |
≤5 |
|
pH value |
4.0–8.0 |
4.0–8.0 |
4.0–8.0 |
|
Foreign matter 3.0mm²–5.0mm² (pieces/piece) |
≤2 |
≤2 |
≤2 |
|
Foreign matter >5.0mm² (pieces/piece) |
None allowed |
None allowed |
None allowed |
|
Absorption capacity (times) |
≥7.0 |
≥7.0 |
— |
|
Formaldehyde content (mg/kg) |
≤75 |
≤75 |
≤75 |
|
Extractable fluorescent substances |
None |
None |
None |
|
Moisture content at deliveryᵃ (%) |
≤10.0 |
≤10.0 |
≤10.0 |
|
ᵃMoisture content at delivery is only applicable as a factory inspection and type inspection item. |
|||
(2) Technical requirements for adult diapers, adult diaper pads and adult underpads (care pads) for moderate and severe incontinence:
|
Indicator |
Product Requirement 1 |
Product Requirement 2 |
Product Requirement 3 |
|
Weight deviation per piece (%) |
±10 |
±10 |
±10 |
|
Penetration performance — Absorption speed (s) |
First time: ≤50Second time: ≤100 |
First time: ≤50Second time: ≤100 |
No leakage or overflow |
|
Penetration performance — Rewet amount (g) |
Moderate incontinence products: ≤30.0Severe incontinence products: ≤40.0 |
Moderate incontinence products: ≤30.0Severe incontinence products: ≤40.0 |
No leakage or overflow |
|
Penetration performance — Leakage amount (mg/kg) |
≤1.0 |
— |
No leakage or overflow |
|
Surface layer attachments (particles/piece) |
≤10 |
≤10 |
≤10 |
|
pH value |
4.0–8.0 |
4.0–8.0 |
4.0–8.0 |
|
Foreign matter 3.0mm²–5.0mm² (pieces/piece) |
≤2 |
≤2 |
≤2 |
|
Foreign matter >5.0mm² (pieces/piece) |
None allowed |
None allowed |
None allowed |
|
Saturated absorption capacity (g) |
Moderate incontinence products: ≥300Severe incontinence products: ≥600 |
Moderate incontinence products: ≥200Severe incontinence products: ≥400 |
— |
|
Formaldehyde content (mg/kg) |
≤75 |
≤75 |
≤75 |
|
Extractable fluorescent substances |
None |
None |
None |
|
Moisture content at deliveryᵃ (%) |
≤10.0 |
≤10.0 |
≤10.0 |
|
ᵃMoisture content at delivery is only applicable as a factory inspection and type inspection item. |
|||
(3) Other Technical Requirements:
Applicability Requirements: Products labeled as suitable for multiple incontinence levels shall meet the corresponding requirements for each applicable level.
Hygiene Requirements: Hygiene indicators shall comply with GB 15979.
Raw Material Standards:
◎ Fluff pulp (GB/T 21331)
◎ Super absorbent polymer (GB/T 22875)
◎ Dry-laid paper (GB/T 24292)
◎ Absorbent tissue paper (QB/T 4508)
◎ The use of biodegradable materials is encouraged and may be tested according to GB/T 39951.
Dimension Specifications: The maximum applicable hip circumference and waist circumference of adult diapers shall comply with the requirements of GB/T 33280-2016.
Appearance and Structure: The product shall have a clean appearance without color fading. The leak-proof bottom film shall be intact, sealing shall be firm, elastic bands shall be evenly bonded, and fastening tape positions shall comply with requirements.
GB 28004.2 Test method
Before testing weight deviation, penetration performance, surface layer attachments and absorption capacity, specimens shall be conditioned for at least 4 hours under specified temperature and humidity conditions, and testing shall be conducted under these conditions.
Weight Deviation: The net weight of six pieces of the same specification shall be measured. Specimens shall come from at least two minimum sales packages, with at least two pieces taken from each package. The average weight of the six pieces shall be calculated, and the weight deviation shall be determined.
Penetration Performance (GB 28004.1 Appendix A): The specimen is placed on a support frame and positioned on a U-shaped base. A liquid addition module is placed on the specimen, physiological saline is injected under pressure, and the absorption time is recorded (tested twice). After the second addition of liquid, the module is removed, absorbent paper and a pressure module are placed on the specimen, and pressure is applied according to the standard requirements. The rewet amount and leakage amount are determined by measuring the weight increase of the upper and lower absorbent papers.
Surface Layer Attachments: A 0.5% copper sulfate solution is sprayed onto the surface layer of the specimen. The presence of blue particles is observed, and the size and quantity of particles are determined by comparing with standard impurity images. The arithmetic average value of two specimens is taken as the test result.
pH Value (GB 28004.1 Appendix B): One specimen is selected, the bottom film is removed, and (1.0 ± 0.1) g of sample is cut from the middle section and placed into a beaker. Add 200 mL physiological saline and record the time. Stir evenly with a glass rod, allow to stand, stir again after 10 minutes, filter using a G1 glass sand funnel, and measure the pH value of the filtrate using a pH meter.
Foreign Matter (GB 28004.1 Appendix C): The specimen is fixed on the working surface of a lighting device. Foreign matter is inspected under transmitted light and identified by comparing with standard impurity images. The average value of two specimen test results is taken as the final result.
Absorption Capacity: The specimen is conditioned and weighed before absorption. It is immersed in physiological saline at (23 ± 1)°C for 60 seconds, suspended for 90 seconds to drain, and weighed after absorption. The absorption capacity is calculated using the formula. Five specimens are tested and the average value is calculated to one decimal place.
Saturated Absorption Capacity: The specimen (with elastic bands cut open for pull-up style products) is weighed before absorption, immersed in physiological saline at 20.0–28.0°C with a depth of ≥10 cm, degassed and immersed for 30 minutes. After removal, it is suspended on a horizontal bar for 5 minutes and weighed after absorption. The absorption capacity is calculated.
Moisture Content at Delivery (GB/T 462): Two packages of samples are selected. One specimen is taken from each package. The side elastic bands are cut open, and two 2 g samples are taken from the middle section of each specimen, cut into pieces and mixed evenly. Two parallel tests are conducted, and the absolute difference between the two results shall not exceed 1.0%.
Other Indicators:
◎ Hygiene indicators: Tested according to GB 15979.
◎ Maximum applicable waist circumference for adult diapers: Determined according to Appendix A of GB/T 33280.
◎ Appearance quality: Evaluated by visual inspection.
◎ Formaldehyde content: Determined according to the high-performance liquid chromatography method in GB/T 34448-2017.
◎ Extractable fluorescent substances: Determined according to Appendix D of GB 28004.2.
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